Western Fence Lizards are fascinating reptiles that are native to and widely distributed across a substantial portion of the western United States.
These lizards have established themselves as prominent members of their ecosystems, adapting to various habitats within their range.
Unfortunately, alongside their widespread presence, Western Fence Lizards have become subjects of numerous myths and misconceptions that have been perpetuated over time.
One particular myth that surrounds these intriguing creatures is the belief that Western Fence Lizards are inherently poisonous.
In this article, we will explore the truth behind this misconception and shed light on the fascinating nature of these reptiles.
Are Western Fence Lizards Poisonous?
No, Western Fence Lizards are not venomous or poisonous. Despite possessing a mild venom, it is important to clarify that the venom produced by Western Fence Lizards is harmless to humans. This misconception often arises due to a misunderstanding of the term “venomous.”
About Western Fence Lizards: Let’s learn more about them!
Western Fence Lizards, scientifically known as Sceloporus occidentalis, are diurnal reptiles that inhabit various habitats, including woodlands, grasslands, and rocky outcrops.
They are commonly called Blue Belly Lizards due to the distinctive bright blue coloration on their bellies. Along with their striking blue bellies, Western Fence Lizards have rough, spiky scales that provide protection and aid in camouflage.
These lizards have a varied diet and are primarily insectivorous, feeding on a wide range of small invertebrates. Their menu includes ants, spiders, beetles, grasshoppers, and other arthropods found in their habitat.
Western Fence Lizards are opportunistic hunters and use their sharp vision and agility to capture their prey. They are also known to consume plant matter, including small fruits and flowers, occasionally.
The Myth of Poisonous Western Fence Lizards
The misconception that Western Fence Lizards are poisonous likely stems from their ability to produce a mild venom known as “reptile venom.”
However, it is crucial to understand that the toxin produced by Western Fence Lizards is harmless to humans and poses no significant threat.
Reptile Venom vs. Poison
Reptile venom and poison are often misunderstood terms, so clarifying their distinction is essential. Venom is a toxic substance actively injected into prey or predators through specialized glands or fangs.
Its purpose is to immobilize or incapacitate the target. Venomous reptiles, such as snakes, deliver venom through bites.
On the other hand, poison refers to a toxic substance that is passively ingested or touched.
Poisonous reptiles, like certain frogs, have toxins on their skin or within their bodies. The distinction lies in the active delivery of venom versus the passive exposure to poison.
The Bite of Western Fence Lizards
Western Fence Lizards possess venom-secreting glands in their lower jaw, which they can use during combat or self-defense.
When threatened or provoked, these lizards may deliver a bite that allows the venom to be introduced into their aggressor. However, it is essential to note that the venom is not potent enough to cause harm to humans.
The bite of a Western Fence Lizard may result in a mild discomfort, similar to a bee sting, but it is generally harmless.
Ecological Significance of Western Fence Lizards
Rather than being a threat, Western Fence Lizards play a vital role in maintaining the balance of their ecosystems.
They are known to control populations of insects such as ticks, which can carry diseases harmful to humans, including Lyme disease.
Research suggests that Western Fence Lizards are natural hosts for the bacteria that cause Lyme disease and are crucial in preventing its spread to human populations.
Are there any known cases of humans being harmed by the bite of a Western Fence Lizard?
No, Western Fence Lizards are not known to be harmful to humans. While they possess teeth and can bite if they feel threatened or cornered, their bites are generally harmless and rarely break the skin.
Western Fence Lizards are not venomous, and their bites do not pose any significant health risks to humans.
These lizards are generally shy and elusive, preferring to flee rather than engage in aggressive behavior. It’s important to treat them respectfully and avoid handling them unnecessarily to minimize potential stress or harm to both the lizards and humans.
How do Western Fence Lizards help control tick populations?
Western Fence Lizards (Sceloporus occidentalis) play a role in controlling tick populations through a fascinating phenomenon known as “tick immunity.” These lizards have a unique defense mechanism against Lyme disease-carrying ticks.
When a Western Fence Lizard is bitten by an infected tick, a protein in their blood called “OspA” binds to the bacteria causing Lyme disease. This binding process prevents the bacteria from spreading within the lizard, effectively clearing it from their bloodstream.
As a result, Western Fence Lizards are considered “reservoir hosts” because they can harbor the bacteria without experiencing the harmful effects of Lyme disease.
Ticks that feed on Western Fence Lizards ingest the bacteria along with the lizard’s blood, but the bacteria cannot survive and multiply within the tick.
This reduces the number of infected ticks in the environment, thereby lowering the risk of tick-borne diseases like Lyme disease for humans and other animals.
The presence of Western Fence Lizards in areas with high tick populations has been shown to significantly reduce Lyme disease transmission.
These lizards serve as natural controllers of tick populations by interrupting the disease cycle and limiting the number of infected ticks.
It’s important to note that Western Fence Lizards are not immune to ticks themselves and can still be bitten. However, their unique immune response helps minimize tick-borne disease transmission.
Some other misconceptions about Western Fence Lizards
There are a few misconceptions about Western Fence Lizards that are important to address:
Venomous Bites
One common misconception is that Western Fence Lizards have venomous bites. In reality, Western Fence Lizards are not venomous, and their bites pose no significant threat to humans.
While they may bite if handled or threatened, their bites are generally harmless and do not cause any severe effects.
Transmission of Lyme Disease
Another misconception is that Western Fence Lizards can transmit Lyme disease to humans.
As mentioned earlier, Western Fence Lizards have a unique defense mechanism against Lyme disease bacteria and actually help reduce the transmission of the disease by controlling tick populations. They are considered “reservoir hosts” rather than disease vectors.
Aggressiveness
Some people may perceive Western Fence Lizards as aggressive due to their defensive behavior when approached or handled.
However, they are generally shy and elusive creatures, and their defensive displays, such as inflating their bodies or doing push-ups, are meant to deter predators rather than to attack humans. Given their small size, they are unlikely to pose a threat to people.
Harmful to Gardens
There is a misconception that Western Fence Lizards are harmful to gardens and plants. In reality, these lizards are beneficial for ecosystems as they control populations of insects and pests.
They primarily feed on small invertebrates and do not cause significant damage to vegetation.
It’s important to dispel these misconceptions to foster a better understanding and appreciation of Western Fence Lizards and their ecological role.
They are fascinating reptiles that contribute to the balance of ecosystems and offer natural pest control benefits.
Final thoughts
The notion that Western Fence Lizards are poisonous is a persistent myth that has misled many people over the years. While these lizards possess venom-secreting glands, their venom is harmless to humans.
Western Fence Lizards are fascinating reptiles that contribute to the ecological balance of their habitats by controlling insect populations, particularly ticks.
As with any wildlife, it is always important to appreciate and respect Western Fence Lizards from a safe distance. By dispelling these misconceptions and understanding the true nature of these reptiles, we can foster a greater appreciation for the diverse creatures that inhabit our natural world.
